basing reaction on outcome severity vs risk probability

Sudden floods usually result from heavy rains in a relatively small area, or if the area was already saturated with previous precipitation. Rapid flooding, with little or no advance warning, is called a sudden flood. River flooding is usually caused by heavy rains, sometimes increased by snow melting. About 30% of all rainfall is in form of small runoff and that amount can be increased by the water of the melted snow where it exists. Water then escapes from land in quantities that cannot be transported into the channels of streams or retained in natural ponds, lakes, and man-made reservoirs. During periods of rain or snow, some of the water is retained in ponds or soil, others are absorbed by grass and vegetation, some evaporate and the rest travels over the land as surface runoff.įlooding occurs when lakes, riverbeds, soil and vegetation cannot absorb all the water. Periodic flooding occurs in many rivers, forming a surrounding region known as an alluvial plain.

Netherlands experience in flood prevention and controlįlooding may be caused by many factors such as intense rainfall, strong winds over water, unusual high tides, tsunamis or failure of dams, elevation of retention pond levels or other structures that contain water.

Measures adopted for post-flood cleaning safety.

Data on floods in Asia and in the World.

Flood protection in Europe and North America.

This manuscript is composed by the following items: In addition, this study is justified as there is the prospect that climate change may contribute to increase flooding resulting from rising sea levels and heavy rains in certain regions of the planet. In 2016, 31% of global losses were due to storms, 32% attributed to flooding and 10% to extreme temperatures. Between 19, 90% of natural disasters were climate-related. By 2017, natural disasters related to water caused worldwide losses of US$ 306 billion. Social and economic costs of floods have risen in recent decades and the trend is to continue to rise if an action is not taken.

The water-related disasters account for 90% of all disasters in numbers of people affected.

The floods are responsible for the death of almost twice the amount of people as tornadoes and hurricanes put together. About 90% of the damages caused by natural disasters (excluding droughts) are caused by floods and associated water flows. This study is justified because floods are among the most frequent natural disasters that cause greater economic losses and difficulties to human activities. This study is of great importance, because flooding damages properties and endangers humans and all other living things’ lives. While some countries will support voluntarily, other will charge for their efforts, putting the assisted country in debt and at an economic loss. The country may have to look for international assistance to supply food and materials to clean and rebuild its infrastructure. In order to fill this gap, the government will have to spend at a higher level. There will be mass displacement of people, many of whom may be left homeless and jobless. The society and the economy of any country suffer in many ways after a flood with the loss of lives, vegetation, properties and infrastructure, which means there will be fewer people on the labor force, less agriculture available for locals and for exporting and less businesses to contribute to the country’s economy development.

Basing reaction on outcome severity vs risk probability